SUMMARY

«Social rupture, individualization, and new inequalities»
LUIS ENRIQUE ALONSO

The study of the transformation of modern social identities has shown how fragmentized they are: sensibilities and perceptions have been multiplicated and different communities use their own notion of consume and have a particular view of private life.

In this sense, the "mass culture" concept, and its natural partner, "social unification", must be actualized with more dynamic theories such as those that reflect on life styles or distinctive consumes, underlying at the same time the relationship with the system of production and the new social inequalities.

«Life styles production in a globalized consumer society»
JAVIER CALLEJO GALLEGO

The globalization process of capitalism has produced a number of changes in the consumer society. One of them is a certain individual detachment from the local community. Despite its tendency towards homogeneity, consumer globalization may lead to social rupture, and even exclusion.

Long-term inactive goods consume have been on the basis of modern societies. However, it will not be one of the main sources of cultural integration in our societies, but a mechanism of inclusion in the globalization. A national or local political support in favour of such mechanisms will be needed in order to reduce an unstoppable process of extended inequality.

« Drugs, streets and senseless poverty»
PHILLIP LALANDER
NELSON CARMONA

The article explores how global symbols, mostly from the hiphop culture, are used, in practice, in order to create style and identity when dealing with the experience of being stigmatized, that is carrying signs of inferior status. The study was conducted in a suburban area in the outskirts of a Swedish city with just over 100.000 inhabitants. The informants are young people from Chile who during the 1990s created an outsider culture which included quite heavy drug use and criminality.

After analysing aproximately 40 interviews with 10 young chileans and studying their graffity we saw an obvious pattern of how they have created a group culture in order to establish respectability and feelings of pride. One important theme in their 'style' is 'nationality', evident in how they emphasise their chilean heritage, through for example painting 'Chile Power' in the subways and on the walls. Another important theme is what we call 'the culture of Bola 2' .The billiard ball number two could be seen as graffity and as tattoos signifying the word 'volados', which is similar to the English words 'drifters' or 'heads', that is persons who do drugs and who do not live up to demands on order and planning. Their sollution was to live up to this stigma and even reinforce it, thus creating a kind of respectability through poverty.

«Ways of life and identities of young people»
AMPARO NOVO VÁZQUEZ
FERNANDO SÁNCHEZ BRAVO-VILLASANTE

Different ways of life not only refers the behavior or specific relations but the process of constructing the individual identity. The choices that a person makes in his or her daily life acquires a form of behavior of how to act in the society these different ways of life is very useful for studying young people because in this stage of the vital cycle young people acquire the most important decisions and that they will have consequences for the rest of their lives, special cultures are developed, are the results of these decisions.

«Lips over Woodstock 's time for an unostalgic girl of 24 years old»
MARIO DELGADO APARAÍN

Woodstock 's festival, the hippy culture and the life of the 60' , are remembered by the author as a moment in which the world had the risk of disappearing by a nuclear war. They had the purpose of changing the White House, in a lodging house for the community. Motivated by this purpose, Latin America had to face very hard problems than those held by the young people in the developed world.

«California in the heart»
ARMANDO MOLINA

You have gone through the social and cultural life in California between the 60' and 80' , place where the author lived from LSD and Led Zepellin, till the yuppies, the cocaine and Ronald Reagan. Place that has received millions of emigrants from different parts of the world, but for this reason it's unreplaced and unforgettable.

«The preservation of the highest part in Europe through the recovering of the traditional pasturing»
JAIME IZQUIERDO VALLINA

Before the projects of the ecologists who want to reduce the pasturing and give more protection to the wild fauna of the National Park in Europe, specially the wolves, and taking account of the Public Administration who works only for the tourist criterion, the author defends the traditional pasturing as a basic element in order to keep the balance of de environment in the zone.

«In Montevideo from the "Café tertulia" to "Cyber Café"»
HUGO GARCÍA ROBLES

Cafés in the XIX and XX centuries were the places where uruguayan people met each other to enjoy themselves. Otherwise since 1970, people have given up this kind of entertainments and the cyber cafés have taken place as a change of the global world, but communication and this kind of meetings have disappeared to give place to the virtual communication.

«Projection of the Beat generation in the XXI century»
FRANCISCO J. LAURIÑO

The Beat generation with authors as Jack Kerouac or Allen Ginsberg contributed to form the most important event of the 60' in U.S.A. with whom they shared individual and collective freedom. Sometimes the fashion shows the superficial and anecdotal of a moment. The authors of this generation are admired and venerated and they stand as authentic idols.

«The Tavern as a place of popular sociability in the contemporary epoch»
LUIS BENITO GARCÍA

The Tavern has specially been from the beginning of the industrial revolution, a nuclear function in the life of the popular classes and "the working classes". A place for drinking alcohol in a cheap way, a place where people could meet including politic activities, a freedom place.

«Press and Internet»
FÉLIX J. FUERTES

Press and Internet are parallel technical developments, both of them related to the transmission of information. We can evaluate the importance of Press in the social changing, yet Internet, for still being in a process of unfolding, has not showed its complete significance. Investigating the rising history of the Internauts, this article tries to travel in time to remember the myth of the Argonauts, maybe separated relatives of these new cyberspace navigators. Both are, anyway, pioneers of the socio-cultural development.

«The rainbow nation without frontier»
MARTÍN GÓMEZ-ULLATE

The rainbow meetings, which are celebrated in USA and Europe , are one of the best cultural events in these nations. They appear and disappear; the idea is to keep an entailment with the use of the space. For many people this means a cohesion function in different ways of the cultural life, which have found different models as culture, folklore, values in action and action in values. It's a dissident model, a seed to grow the cultural and traditional limits.

«The war of the preserved sweet milk»
ARMANDO OLVEIRA RAMOS

A full vision and version according to the controversy between uruguayan people and Argentinean people that has to do with the purpose of declaring the 2003 year as the cultural proprietorship of the famous preserved sweet milk.

Through a very well informed that occurs in the River Plate related with this delicious sweet, an important analyses is done of the cultural event in these countries. An special vademecum is done to complete the work.